Modulated Sources

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Modulated Sources

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Next to the standard effort and flow sources, that generate a constant effort and flow, bond graph modeling also allows the use of so called modulated sources. In these sources the resulting effort or flow are equal to a (fluctuating) value provided by an input signal. Two types of modulated sources are know: the modulated effort source MSe and the modulated flow source MSf. In the table below the effort and flow description of the source elements is shown.

 

element

bond graph element

equation

modulated effort source

MSeElement

e = u, f = free

modulated flow source

MSfElement

f = u, e = free

 

The direction of effort and flow for sources are restricted. In other words: the MSe-element (effort-out) and MSf-element (effort-in) have a fixed causality.